Dust, gas activity and morphology of comet 12P/Pons-Brooks at heliocentric distances beyond 1.1 au
Тип публікації :
Препринт
Дата випуску :
19 березня 2026 р.
Автор(и) :
Marek Husárik
Gulchehra Kokhirova
V. V. Kleshchonok
K. Aravind
F. J. Rakhmatullaeva
Margarita Safonova
Oleksandra Ivanova
Olena Shubina
Arsenii Kasianchuk
eKNUTSHIR URL :
Журнал :
arXiv (Cornell University)
Цитування :
[APA 7] Marek, H., Gulchehra, K., V., V. K., K., A., F., J. R., Margarita, S., Oleksandra, I., Olena, S., & Arsenii, K. (2026). Dust, gas activity and morphology of comet 12P/Pons-Brooks at heliocentric distances beyond 1.1 au. arXiv (Cornell University),. https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/34272
[ДСТУ] Dust, gas activity and morphology of comet 12P/Pons-Brooks at heliocentric distances beyond 1.1 au / H. Marek та ін. arXiv (Cornell University). 2026. URL: https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/34272 (дата звернення: 11.09.2026).
Comet 12P/Pons-Brooks is a periodic comet with an orbital period of approximately 71 years. Because of the period duration, aphelion of 35.3 au, and highly inclined orbit (74.2 deg), it is classified as a Halley-type comet. In this work, we present the results of the analysis of photometric and spectral observations of comet 12P/Pons-Brooks while it was at a heliocentric distance beyond 1.1 au, before perihelion passage. Quasisynchronous observations were carried out from July 2023 to March 2024 using 0.61-m and 1.3-m telescopes at the Skalnaté Pleso Observatory, 1-m telescope Zeiss-1000 Sanglokh International Astronomical Observatory, and 0.7-m telescope AZT8 at the observation station of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Photometric observations were conducted using B, V, and R filters of the Johnson-Cousins and Bessel photometric systems. We completed our data collection with broadband photometric and spectral observations on the 2-m HCT telescope at the Indian Astronomical Observatory. During this period, the dust coma morphology and photometric data measured in the R filter, such as the apparent, absolute magnitudes and dust activity level, indicate several repeated outbursts in brightness and dust activity occurred around July 22, September 25, October 17-23, and a significant outburst was recorded on November 1-7. We detected strong gas emission features in the cometary spectrum belonging to CN, C2, and C3 molecules. Furthermore, gas production rates of these molecules were estimated using Haser's model. A comparison of dust activity level and CN gas production rate shows that dust activity increased significantly as the comet approached the Sun, while gas activity exhibited more moderate changes.
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