Гнатяк, І.І.Гнатяк2026-01-052026-01-052017Гнатяк І. С. Дослідження морфодинаміки рельєфу рекреаційних територій. Фізична географія та геоморфологія. 2017. Вип. 3 (87). С. 116-121.УДК 551.4(292.452)https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/9373Туризм є однією з найбільш молодих форм антропогенного впливу в горах, однак його бурхливий розвиток в останні роки спричинив значний вплив на активізацію природних морфогенетичних процесів. Розглянуто особливості проведення досліджень пішохідних стежок та гірськолижних трас рекреаційних територій Українських Карпат. Досліджено типові мікроформи рельєфу, сформульовано основні стадії трансформації рельєфу. Негативний вплив туризму на пішохідні стежки та гірськолижні траси може бути зменшений за рахунок введення в практику відповідних програм благоустрою.Tourism is one of the most recent forms of anthropopression in the mountains. As a result of the combined impact of skiing and pedestrian tourism the slope morphology changes and the natural morfogenetic processes take place. The great variety of natural conditions of Ukrainian Carpathians are favourable for the development of many types of tourism and recreation. Skiing in this area has existed for only 100 years, yet its development in the recent years has had a great impact on the natural morphogenetic processes that cause the modelling of the mountain slopes. Some ski-trails are used in the summer-autumn period by pedestrian tourists. The antropogenic soil degradation activates all the natural morphogenetic processes and, as a result, increases the erosion. Typical microforms occurring in areas impacted by anthropopression, have been investigated. Skiing has a moderate direct influence on the ski-trails degradation. Some of the ski-trails get degraded as a result of being trampled down by tourists either in a concentrated or a dissipated way. The concentrated trampling down causes linear erosion where the erosion gullies appear. The speed of their formation and their character depend on the bedrock lithology. The erosion is bigger on the shale bedrock. In the summit parts the erosion gullies are, on average, 50 cm deep and they are over 100 cm. the amount of the eroded soil depends on how long the path has been used. The degradation of the big portion of the slope caused by cutting the turf and tumbling it down, loosening and deplacing of the soil and rubble has put to work the natural morfogenetic processes (concentrated and dissipated surface wash out, deflation, gravitation processes, local rubble flow) which have had little impact before the era of tourism. The negative influence of tourism on the pedestrian paths can be diminished by putting into practice a proper improvement program. The pace of the erosion, as well as the size of the soil deposition have been examined by means of the repeated series of surveys (every twenty days in the period of May through October). The aim of the examination conducted in some chosen parts of the ski-trails in the Ukrainian Carpathians is to establish the size of the degradation with regard to the bedrock resistance, climate and the time of being in service. The results of the examinations constitute a basis for the running program to improve the areas degraded by skiing and pedestrian tourism.ukантропопресіягірськолижні трасипішохідні стежкилінійна ерозіярекреаційна територіїanthropopressionski-trailspedestrian pathslinear erosionrecreation territoriesСтаття