Халюк , ЛесяЛесяХалюк2026-04-082026-04-082022-09-12Халюк, Л. (2022). SPOKEN NARRATIVES ABOUT THE VISTULA ACTION OF 1947: TRADITION AND NOWADAYS. Polish Studies of Kyiv, 36(36), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.17721/psk.2020.36.344-35410.17721/psk.2020.36.344-354https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/15001The definition of the subject and sphere of folklore investigation depends on the understanding of folklore, which in turn requires the harmonisation and definition of certain theoretical concepts. In the 21st century, studies of folklore have gone beyond the village, and since then it is worth talking about different approaches and expansion of semantics of this term. The modern context of folklore differs significantly from the traditional one, since its specificity is determined by the media, which not only became one of the ways of transmitting and spreading folklore, but also significantly influence the transformations taking place in folklore. In addition, they exhibit with exceptional strength the functions of folklore, which are constantly expanding, and are the main source of productive (folklore) situations. They inspire natural situations, stimulate and create narratives, and influence the transformation of traditional forms of oral storytelling. Today researchers call such stories spoken (everyday) folklore, the most important feature of which is the image of life and thinking of society, its mass, which cannot monopolise a separate group or social layer, but which can change depending on circumstances and environment. Analysis of modern memories clearly shows that individual statement is not so much an individual form, but a peculiar essence of the group in which the person lives. Individual memory is always socially and culturally due mainly to the narrative tradition of this society, practicing specific ways of using motives and story topics. It is also worth noting that often the memories that arise from the existential need to tell (speak) give us much more information about the interlocutors as such than about specific facts from the past. The folklorist is sometimes more interested in how these facts appear in the story, how they exist and are verbalised, what emotions the narrator experiences, what means he uses to verbalise / depict them, and what emotions he wants to evoke in the listener. The modern context of folklore differs significantly from the traditional one, since its specificity is determined by the media, which not only became one of the ways of transmitting and spreading folklore, but also significantly influence the transformations taking place in folklore. Today researchers call such stories spoken (everyday) folklore, the most important feature of which is the image of life and thinking of society, its mass, which cannot monopolise a separate group or social layer, but which can change depending on circumstances and environment. Analysis of modern memories clearly shows that individual statement is not so much an individual form, but a peculiar essence of the group in which the person lives. Individual memory is always socially and culturally due mainly to the narrative tradition of this society, practicing specific ways of using motives and story topics.Сучасний контекст фольклору суттєво відрізняються від традиційного, оскільки його специфіка визначається засобами масової інформації, які не тільки стали одним із способів передачі і розповсюдження фольклору, але й вагомо впливають на трансформації, що відбуваються у фольклорі. На сьогодні дослідники називають подібні історії розмовним (повсякденним) фольклором, найважливішою особливістю якого є зображення життя і мислення спільноти, його масовість, який не може монополізувати жодна окрема група або соціальний прошарок, але який може змінюватись в залежності від обставин і середовища. Аналіз сучасних спогадів чітко показує, що індивідуальне висловлювання є не стільки індивідуальною формою, скільки своєрідною сутністю тієї групи, в якій живе (перебуває) людина. Індивідуальна пам’ять завжди має соціально-суспільний характер і культурно зумовлена, головним чином, наративною традицією даної спільноти, практикуючи конкретні способи використання мотивів і сюжетних тем.ukspoken narrativesVistula actionfolklorenarrative traditiontraditional motivesусні наративиакція Віслафольклорнаративна традиціятрадиційні мотивиСтаття