Молочко, А. М.А. М.МолочкоМолочко, М. А.М. А.Молочко2026-01-052026-01-052017Молочко А. М., Молочко М. А. Геодинамічні дослідження надзвичайних ситуацій. Фізична географія та геоморфологія. 2017. Вип. 3 (87). С. 147-151.УДК 528.94:528.481https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/9402У статті розглянуто досвід проведення геодинамічних досліджень, зумовлених виникненням деформацій деяких інженерно-технічних споруд на території Київського плато, зокрема фізичного корпусу університету, розміщеного в районі експоцентру України та досліджень, повʼязаних із загрозою прориву захисних споруд Пирогівського сміттєзвалища, яке межує з Голосіївським районом м. Києва. Аналіз раніше проведених геодинамічних досліджень виконувався з метою розробки принципів організації методики картографічного моделювання процесів та явищ будь-якого походження із застосуванням новітніх геоінформаційних технологій і впровадження їх у навчальний процес.Geodetic observations and studies to identify and eliminate the causes of deformations of engineering and technical constructions were usually carried out by specific scientific methods, but they should be carried out in a complex manner, with the broad involvement of methods of related branches of knowledge, which today in the educational sphere are reduced to such groups as “Geography”, “Earth Science”, “Architecture and construction”. Specialists of these professional areas are trained at the Faculty of Geography of the Taras Shevchenko Kyiv National University. It is important for them to adopt the experience of carrying through geodynamic research and implement it in the process of future survey investigations. The article deals with the aspects of carrying through geodynamic studies caused by deformations of some engineering and technical constructions within the Kyiv Plateau, particularly the building of Faculty of Physics and investigations related to the threat of break of the protective structures of the Pirogivsky dump. The example of detection and elimination of the reasons associated with the emergence of a crack in the upper part of the Physical Faculty building from the side of a constructively hanging large physical auditorium, built in the form of an amphitheater, adjacent to the main building, is considered first. It was discovered that the runoff water from the roof of the building penetrated under the foundation of the building and provoked overwetting of thickness of deposits which formed the area allotted for the construction of the building. These limnological, sandy-clay deposits, represented by layers of anisometric sand and mottled clays of the Neogene-Quaternary age, are extremely water-resistant and, in the case of absence of drainage from the structures foundations, could provoke their tension and protrusion, especially during the winter season. This was confirmed by high-precision geodetic observations, which were carried out according to a special technology using a precision level N1 with invar levelling staff. The second example was caused by the threat of a break of the protective structures of the Pirogivsky dump, which, due to the biogas production technology violation, was forcibly overwetted. At any given time, protective dams could not withstand the pressure of a huge mass of accumulated regenerated material, composed of permeated household waste, capable to destroy human settlements, located below the slopes and valley of the beam, in the upper reaches of which the dump was built. The factors of natural and man-made threats that could cause a catastrophe were considered, and the organized system of hydrostatic observation of the protective structures stability over time denied the conclusion about the threat to local residents from the recyclable dump. The analysis of previously made geodynamic research was carried out with the purpose of developing the principles of organization of the methodology of cartographic modeling of processes and phenomena of any origin with the use of the latest geoinformation technologies and their introduction into the educational process.ukгеодинамічні дослідженнягеодезичні спостереженнякартографічне моделюванняперезволоженнявипинання (випірвипливанняпучення)нівелювання високоточнегідростатичнеgeodynamical investigationgeodetic observationscartographical modelingoverwettingprotrusionhighly-precise levelinghydrostaticalСтаття