Новак , СніжанаСніжанаНовак2026-04-082026-04-082022-09-12Новак, С. (2022). IMAGE OF THE UKRAINIAN EMIGRANT IN THE SMALL PROSE OF VOLODYMYR BIRCHAK. Polish Studies of Kyiv, 35(35), 267–271. https://doi.org/10.17721/psk.2019.35.267-27110.17721/psk.2019.35.267-271https://ir.library.knu.ua/handle/15071834/15042The article analyzes the peculiarities of the formation of V. Birchak a collective image of a nationally conscious Ukrainian-emigrant, endowed with many virtues and disadvantages, forced to overcome the challenges of the emigrant fate. Considered the writer’s understanding of the events of the life of Ukrainian emigration after the defeat of the national liberation struggles of 1918 – 1920, in which the prose writer also participated directly, because of which he also lived and worked on emigration. Volodymyr Birchak (1881– 1952) is one of the founders of the Lviv Modernist literary group Young Muse (1906 – 1014), a Galician, a writer-pedagogue who directly participated in the national liberation struggle of Ukrainians from 1918 to 1920, and after the defeat was forced was to emigrate to Transcarpathia, which then belonged to Czechoslovakia. The writer’s close and understandable were the experiences and wandering of Ukrainian emigrants who sought salvation from the Moscow invasion beyond their native land without livelihood, without the possibility of obtaining citizenship, finding a job, adapting to life without the glow of enemy bullets. The article deals with the collection of stories “The Golden Violin” (1937) and the story “The Emigrant” (1941), which was not included in the collections. The composite-organizing components of many of these stories are trials that fell to the fate of the heroes. The motive of the road, present in the small prose of V. Birchak of the 20’s and 40’s of the twentieth century, is a motive of emigrant hardships, searching for himself in a new, non-hostile world. All the prose works of V. Birchak confirm his views on the important role in the history of the state creation of each strong person, and not the crowd. The author in many of his stories skillfully depicts the customization of emigre heroes under the inadequate claims that seem to be invented deliberately to mock exiles from Ukraine: as a rule, educated, intelligent, educated, patient in the experience of difficulties, able to adapt and continuously teach something new , responsible and decent in the relationship with the environment. They do not have excessive pride, do not show self-defeatism, do not declare their exclusiveness, as former fighters for the freedom of Ukraine. They also do not squeal, but engage in everyday work to survive until the time comes again to take up arms and win. Survive in difficulty, poverty, humiliation of their dignity helps optimism.У статті вперше в українському літературознавстві проаналізовано особливості формування Володимиром Бірчаком збірного образу національно свідомого українця-емігранта, наділеного багатьма чеснотами і недоліками, змушеного долати виклики емігрантської долі. Розглянуто осмислення письменником подій із життя української еміграції після поразки національно-визвольних змагань 1918 – 1920 років, в яких і сам прозаїк брав безпосередню участь, через що теж жив і працював на еміграції. У пропонованій статті охарактеризовано збірку оповідань «Золота скрипка» (1937) та оповідання «Емігрант» (1941), що не ввійшло до збірок. З’ясовано композиційно-організуючу роль випробувань, які випали на долю героїв оповідань. Ім’я Володимира Бірчака, закатованого радянським режимом у концтаборі м. Тайшет , було повернуте в літературний обіг після тривалого забуття аж у роки відновлення незалежності України. Мала проза митця жодного разу не була перевидана, тому досі залишається недослідженою.ukartistic analysisUkrainian emigrantsmall prosepsychologyroad motivestate creationхудожній аналізукраїнський емігрантмала прозапсихологізммотив дорогидержавотворенняСтаття